MI5 has set up an AI Threat Assessment Centre (AITAC), Director General Sir Ken McCallum said in his annual threat update on 13 October. The centre is based in MI5 and brings in expertise from the AI Security Institute, the National Crime Agency and the National Cyber Security Centre. It produces all-source assessments of AI-related national security threats for government departments. In the same speech, McCallum said AI is already intensifying the contest between cyber attackers and defenders, and that terrorists have tried to use it to improve their reconnaissance and attack methods. The misuse he would weigh most heavily, though it has not happened yet, is AI changing the stakes for existing or new bioweapons.